Haranita-tsaina voatrolombelona

Rôbô ASIMO izay manana kaptera ary mampiasa aligôritma mivoatra hahafahany midina tohatra

Ny haranita-tsaina voatrolombelona (amin'ny teny frantsay : intelligence artificielle; amin'ny teny anglisy : artificial intelligence) izay ho afohezina ho AI dia sampanan'ny kajimirindra izay mandinika ary mamelatra milina ary rindrankajy marani-tsaina.

Ny AI dia taranja siantifika manan-tanjona ny manome fahafahana mamaha olana an'ny milina. Ny tanjon'ny rafitra manana azy dia mamaha ny olana ohatra ny fanaovan'ny olona. Ny rindrankajy efa mampiasa haranita-tsaina voatrolombelona dia ny lalao videô, ny rôbô ireo rindrankajy mampiasa lôjika tsy mazava na ireo tambajotra neorôna.

Fahazoana ny eritreritra

Ao amin'ny fandihihana ny haranita-tsaina voatrolombelona hita misongadina ny AI tsotra ary ny haranita-tsaina ara-kajy (anglisy : Computational Intelligence na CI).

Ny AI tsotra dia mifototra amin'ny fianaran'ny milina manao, izay miseho amin'ny endriky ny fôrmalisma ary ny dinika ara-statistika. Ny fampiasana AI tsotra dia ny fampiasana:

• Rafitra mpahay : mampihatra ny fizohinkevitra hahatongavana any amin'ny famahana. Afaka mikirakira fampahalalana maro dia maro ny rafitra mpahay.
• Rafitra mifototra amin'ny tranga
• Tambajotra Bayesianina

Ny haranita-tsaina ara-kajy da mampiasa ny famerimberenana. Ny fampiasana ny haranita-tsaina ara-kajy dia voafaritra amin'ny :

• Fampiasana tambajotra nerônina (anglisy : neural network) : manavanana ny rafitra amin'ny famantarana endrika
• Rafitra tsy mazava (anglisy : fuzzy logic) : fizohin-kevitra ampiasaina amin'ny rafi-pifehezana ny entana varotana ankehitriny.
• Kajimirindra mivoatra : fampiharana amin'ny concept toa ny isam-ponina, fivoaran'ny fihetsika ary faharetan'ny rafitra zatra indrindra izay hahitana ny vahaolana tsara indrindra.

Ireo fomba ireo dia zarazaraina ho aligôritma mivoatra (ohatra, aligôritma jenetika) ary ny haranita-tsain'ny andiana (ohatra, aligôritman'ny vitsika).

Fampiasana

Taranja mampiasa AI

Ireo taranja mampiasa ny AI dia :

• Ny banky, amin'ny alalan'ny rafitra mpahay izay maminavina ny risque rehefa mamela tsotra (credit-scoring)
• Ny tafika, amin'ny alalan'ny rafitra mahaleotena toa ny drôna ary ny rafitra fibaikoana ary fanampiana manapa-kevitra
• Ny ankamaroan'ny lalao video ankehitriny, manomboka amin'ny lalao eseky hatramin'ny lalao tifitifitra lalaovina eo amin'ny tambajotra
• Ny fitsaboana, amin'ny alalan'ny rafitra mpahay manampy ny mpitsabo mamantatra ny aretina
• Ny lojistika
• Ny fibeazana

Jereo koa

• Quantum computing

Tsiahy

Bokin-dahatsoratra mikasika ny AI

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Tantaran'ny AI

• Endrika:Crevier 1993.
• Endrika:McCorduck 2004.
• Nilsson, Nils (2010). The Quest for Artificial Intelligence: A History of Ideas and Achievements. New York: Cambridge University Press.

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