English: Flag of PADESM, a political group representing the coastal Malagasy in Madagascar, active between 1946 and 1956; uses a stylized representation of the black kite, voromahery, whose name was also used by PADESM's newspaper. Note: the flag was originally red, but its color changed when red became identified with the MDRM, a Merina elite party. Based on reproductions and historical note in Lucien Philippe, "Flags of Political Parties and Movements in Madagascar. From the Colonization until Independence", in Vexilobaires 2005. Proceedings of the XXI International Congress of Vexillology.