Drakaka

Ny drakaka na foza dia biby isan-karazany miaina anaty rano, folo rantsam-batana (Decapoda), karazana Crustacea^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]. Misy vondrona foza na drakaka roa lehibe, arakaraka ny toetran' ny kibony: ireo izay anisan' ny Brachyura, na tena foza, sy ny Anomura. Na izany aza, tsy ny karazana rehetra ao amin' ireo zafim-pilaharana ireo no antsoina hoe foza na drakaka.

Toetra ankapobeny

Manana vatana matevina sy tongotra matanjaka, ahafahany mihetsika tsara ao anaty fotaka, ny drakaka. Miovaova eo amin' ny volontany, mainty, na maitso sy volontsôkôla, arakaraka ny faritra sy ny toetran' ny tany iainany, ny lokony^[5].

Manana akora mafy sy matevina, miloko mena, volontany na manga arakaraka ny karazany, ny drakaka. Fisaka ny vatany, ka izany no mahatonga azy ho afaka mivezivezy amin' ny sisiny. Matetika lehibe kokoa noho ny vavy ny ny lahy^[6].

Hita eny amoron-dranomasina ny drakaka an-dranomasina, fa ny drakaka an-tanety kosa, toy ny Birgus latro (drakaka mpihanika voanio), dia monina any amin' ny ala amoron-dranomasina ary afaka miakatra hazo^[7].

Fihetsika sy fiainana

Mandritra ny androm-piainany, ny zana-drakaka dia mipetraka aloha any an-dranomasina, ary rehefa lehibe kokoa dia miverina any amin' ny ala honko. Ireo ala-honko ireo no manome fiarovana sy sakafo ho azy^[8]. Mpanadio voajanahary ny drakaka, mihinana ravinkazo maina, sisa tavela amin’ny zavamananaina, ary biby madinika. Izany no mahatonga azy ho zava-dehibe amin’ny fikajiana ny tontolo iainana amoron-dranomasina^[9]. Maro amin' izy ireo no mihinan-javatra isan-karazany ary mivoaka amin' ny alina, ka amin' izay fotoana izay izy no mitady sakafo^[10].

Ny drakaka eto Madagasikara

Ny karazana drakaka

Maro ny karazan-drakaka hita ao amin' ny ala honkon' i Madagasikara, ny vavan' ny renirano, ary eny amin' ny moron-dranomasina. Anisan' ny fianakaviana mahazatra indrindra ireo ao amin' ny vondron-karazana Cardisoma sy Ocypode ary Uca^[8].

Faritra ahitana azy ireo

Hita manerana ny morontsiraka andrefana sy avaratrin' i Madagasikara ny drakaka. Indrindra amin' ny faritra manana ala honko be toy an' i Mahajamba sy Ambanja ary Morondava^[11]^[12].

Anjara toerana ara-kolontsaina sy ara-toekarena

Ao amin' ny kolontsaina amoron-dranomasina eto Madagasikara indrindra amin' ny vondrom-piarahamonina toy ny Vezo, Sakalava ary Betsimisaraka — dia ampiasaina be ny fahalalana nentim-paharazana momba ny ranomasina sy ny harena an-dranomasina, izay miseho amin' ny angano, tantara an-bava ary fomba fanao andavanandro^[13]^[14].

Anisan' ny biby matetika voalaza ao anatin' izany fahalalana nentim-paharazana izany ny drakaka sy ny vokatra avy amin' ny ala honko. Ary loharanon-tsakafo sy ampiasaina amin' ny fomba fanao sy fety eo anivon' ny mponina amoron-dranomasina ny drakaka^[15]^[14].

Anisan' ny asa fivelomana amin' ny faritra amoron-dranomasina ny fihazana drakaka. Na izany aza, ny fandripahana honko sy ny fihazana tafahoatra dia mampihena ny isan' ny drakaka any anaty natiora^[16]^[11].

Fiarovana sy fitantanana

Misy amin' ny karazana drakaka maro, indrindra ireo monina amin' ny faritra amoron-dranomasina sy honko no sokajiana ho marefo vokatry ny fihazana tafahoatra sy ny fahasimban' ny tontolo iainana. Ny fanadihadiana dia mampiseho fa ny fihazana tafahoatra sy ny fandripahana honko dia mampihena ny isan' ny drakaka any anaty natiora ary manohintohina ny fahaveloman' ny vondrom-piarahamonina eo an-toerana^[17].

Efa misy tetikasa fiarovana sy fitantanana eny ifotony, izay ampiharina amin’ny alalan’ny fandaminana ny jono ho an’ny vondrom-piarahamonina sy ny fampahafantarana ny fomba fampiasana maharitra ny loharanon‑tsakafo. Ireo paikady ireo dia tafiditra amin’ny fitantanana mifototra amin’ny vondrom-piarahamonina, izay manampy amin’ny fiarovana ny harena amoron-dranomasina sy ny tontolo iainana^[18]

Anisan' ny paikady atao ny famerenana ny fambolena honko, ny fanentanana ny mpanjono mba tsy hanimba ny toerana fonenan' ny drakaka, ary ny famaritana fotoana sy toerana ahafahana mihaza izay manampy amin' ny fitazonana ny karazana drakaka ho maharitra^[17].

Jereo koa

Loharano

↑ Blench, Roger. Notes on Malagasy fish names.
↑ Bauchot, M-L. & G. Bianchi. 1984. Guide de poisons commerciaux de Madagascar (espèces marines et d’eaux saumâtres). Rome : FAO.
↑ Pellegrin, M. Jacques. 1933. Les poissons des eaux douces de Madagascar et des iles voisines (Comores, Seychelles, Mascareignes). Tananarive : G. Pitot et Cie.
↑ Richmond, M.D. 2002. A field guide to the seashores of Eastern Africa and the Western Indian Ocean islands (2nd ed). Milan: SIDA/SAREC - University of Dar es Salaam.
↑ https://corecrabe.ird.nc/les-pecheries-de-crabe-de-mangrove
↑ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/blue-crab
↑ https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/decorator-crab
1 2 https://corecrabe.ird.nc/les-pecheries-de-crabe-de-mangrove
↑ https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/blue-crab
↑ https://www.marinebio.org/species/horseshoe-crabs/limulus-polyphemus/
1 2 https://www.fao.org/fishery/docs/CDrom/aquaculture/a0845t/volume2/docrep/field/279535.HTM
↑ https://news.mongabay.com/2020/07/an-export-boom-threatens-to-put-madagascars-mud-crabs-in-hot-water
↑ https://fr.scribd.com/document/49242949/Vezo-Knowledge-Traditional-Ecological-Knowledge-in-Andavadoaka-southwest-Madagascar-2006
1 2 https://protectedareas.mg/pdf-viewer/?file=https://protectedareas.mg/content/documents/05b7d5ae-332c-4842-8a32-84d42a222d54/74241fe730804d8396504c12eecd4c1c.pdf
↑ https://journals.openedition.org/com/7677
↑ https://www.cffacape.org/news-blog/mangrove-crab-a-lucrative-trade-that-is-disturbing-malagasy-waters
1 2 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X17307522
↑ https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/csp2.70006

[1] Blench, Roger. Notes on Malagasy fish names.

[2] Bauchot, M-L. & G. Bianchi. 1984. Guide de poisons commerciaux de Madagascar (espèces marines et d’eaux saumâtres). Rome : FAO.

[3] Pellegrin, M. Jacques. 1933. Les poissons des eaux douces de Madagascar et des iles voisines (Comores, Seychelles, Mascareignes). Tananarive : G. Pitot et Cie.

[4] Richmond, M.D. 2002. A field guide to the seashores of Eastern Africa and the Western Indian Ocean islands (2nd ed). Milan: SIDA/SAREC - University of Dar es Salaam.

[:02-5] ttps://corecrabe.ird.nc/les-pecheries-de-crabe-de-mangrove

[6] ttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/blue-crab

[7] ttps://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/decorator-crab

[:03-8] 1 2 https://corecrabe.ird.nc/les-pecheries-de-crabe-de-mangrove

[9] ttps://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/blue-crab

[10] ttps://www.marinebio.org/species/horseshoe-crabs/limulus-polyphemus/

[:1-11] 1 2 https://www.fao.org/fishery/docs/CDrom/aquaculture/a0845t/volume2/docrep/field/279535.HTM

[12] ttps://news.mongabay.com/2020/07/an-export-boom-threatens-to-put-madagascars-mud-crabs-in-hot-water

[13] ttps://fr.scribd.com/document/49242949/Vezo-Knowledge-Traditional-Ecological-Knowledge-in-Andavadoaka-southwest-Madagascar-2006

[:2-14] 1 2 https://protectedareas.mg/pdf-viewer/?file=https://protectedareas.mg/content/documents/05b7d5ae-332c-4842-8a32-84d42a222d54/74241fe730804d8396504c12eecd4c1c.pdf

[15] ttps://journals.openedition.org/com/7677

[16] ttps://www.cffacape.org/news-blog/mangrove-crab-a-lucrative-trade-that-is-disturbing-malagasy-waters

[:3-17] 1 2 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X17307522

[18] ttps://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/csp2.70006

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]