Sita (aretina)
| Sita | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Figure A shows the location of the lungs and bronchial tubes. Figure B is an enlarged view of a normal bronchial tube. Figure C is an enlarged view of a bronchial tube with bronchitis. | |
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| Anarana iombonana |
|
| Manam-pahaizana manokana momba ny | Infectious disease, pulmonology |
| Soritr'aretina | Coughing up mucus, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest discomfort[1] |
| Hatetika | Acute: ~5% of people a year[2][3] Chronic: ~5% of people[3] |
Ny sita dia aretina miteraka fivontosana ao amin' ny traoka, izany hoe ireo lalan-drivotra lehibe sy antonony ao amin' ny havokavoka, ka mampikohaka.
Anisan' ny soritr' aretina mahazatra ny kohaka miaraka amin' ny famokarana rora, ny fisefosefoana, ny fahasemporana, ary ny fanaintainan' ny tratra.
Azo zaraina ho karazany roa ny sita arakaraka ny faharetany: ny sita tampoka izay maharitra fotoana fohy, ary ny sita maharitra izay maharitra ela kokoa ary mety hiverimberina.
Ny sita mahery vaika dia mazàna misy kohaka maharitra telo herinandro eo ho eo Amin' ny tranga mihoatra ny 90% dia aretina vokatry ny virosy no antony. Mety hiparitaka amin' ny alalan' ny rivotra ireo viriosy ireo rehefa mikohaka na mifandray mivantana amin' ny olona ilay marary. Vitsy ny tranga vokatry ny aretina bakteria toy ny Mycoplasma pneumoniae na Bordetella pertussis. Anisan' ny mety hiteraka azy io ny fifohana sigara sy ny vovoka ary ny fahalotoan' ny rivotra. Ny fitsaboana ny sita mahery vaika dia mazàna ahitana fitsaharana, paracetamol (acetaminophen), ary fanafody tsy sterôida manohitra fivontosana mba hanampiana amin'ny fanalefahana ny tazo.[4][5]
Ny sita mitaiza dia faritana ho kohaka mamokatra - izay mamoaka rora - izay maharitra telo volana na mihoatra isan-taona mandritra ny roa taona farafahakeliny.[6][7] Maro amin' ny olona voan' ny sita mitaiza no manana aretin' ny havokavoka mitaiza (COPD).[8] Ny fifohana sigara no antony fantatra indrindra, ary misy antony hafa toy ny fahalotoan' ny rivotra sy ny fototarazo izay tsy dia misy fiantraikany firy.[9] Anisan' ny fitsaboana ny fialana amin' ny fifohana sigara, ny fanaovana vaksiny, ny fanarenana, ary matetika ny fampiasana bronchodilator sy sterôida amin' ny alalan' ny fifohana rivotra.[10] Mety handray soa avy amin'ny fitsaboana ôksizenina maharitra ny olona sasany.[10]
Ny sita tampoka (sita mahery vaika) dia iray amin' ny aretina fahita matetika indrindra amin' ny olombelona. Tombanana ho manodidina ny 5% amin' ny olon-dehibe sy 6% amin' ny ankizy no tratran' ity aretina ity farafahakeliny indray mandeha isan-taona. Io no endrika mahazatra indrindra amin' ny sita raha ampitahaina amin' ny sita mitaiza.
Any Etazonia, araka ny antontanisa tamin' ny taona 2018, dia olona manodidina ny 9,3 tapitrisa no voamarina fa voan' ny sita mitaiza.
- ↑ Hadisoan-tsiahy: Balise
<ref>incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nomméesNHLBI2019 - ↑ Hadisoan-tsiahy: Balise
<ref>incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nomméesWen2006 - 1 2 "Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet 380 (9859): 2163–96. December 2012. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2. PMC 6350784. PMID 23245607. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6350784.
- ↑ Tackett, KL; Atkins, A (December 2012). "Evidence-based acute bronchitis therapy". Journal of Pharmacy Practice 25 (6): 586–90. doi:10.1177/0897190012460826. PMID 23076965.
- ↑ "How Is Bronchitis Treated?". August 4, 2011. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
- ↑ "MeSH Browser". meshb.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-10-23. Retrieved 2020-06-05.
- ↑ (2018) Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease - GOLD, 4–5, 25.
- ↑ Reilly, John J. (2011). “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease”, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th, McGraw Hill, 2151–9.
- ↑ "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Lancet 379 (9823): 1341–51. April 2012. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60968-9. PMC 7172377. PMID 22314182. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=7172377.
- 1 2 "Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 176 (6): 532–55. September 2007. doi:10.1164/rccm.200703-456SO. PMID 17507545.