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Kilema amin'ny fo hatrany am-bohoka

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Congenital heart defect
Anarana hafa: Congenital heart anomaly, congenital heart disease
The normal structure of the heart (left) in comparison to two common locations for a ventricular septal defect (right), the most common form of congenital heart defect.[1]
Manam-pahaizana manokana momba nyCardiology
Soritr'aretinaRapid breathing, bluish skin, poor weight gain, feeling tired[2]
AntonyOften unknown[3]
Antony mety hampidi-dozaRubella infection during pregnancy, alcohol or tobacco, parents being closely related, poor nutritional status or obesity in the mother[4][5]
FitsaboanaNone, catheter based procedures, heart surgery, heart transplantation[6][4]
FizotranyGenerally good (with treatment)[7]
Hatetika48.9 million (2015)[8]
Fahafatesana303,300 (2015)[9]

Ny tsy fahatomombanan’ny fo hatrany am-bohoka (CHD), fantatra ihany koa amin’ny hoe aretim-po hatrany am-bohoka, dia fahasembanana ara-drafitra ao amin’ny fo na ao amin’ny lalan-dra lehibe, izay efa misy hatramin’ny nahaterahana. [1]

Miankina amin’ny karazana tsy fahatomombanana ny fisehoan’ny soritr’aretina, ka mety tsy misy soritr’aretina mihitsy amin’ny tranga sasany, fa amin’ny tranga hafa kosa dia mety henjana ary mety hitarika fahafatesana. [1] [2]

Rehefa miseho ny soritr’aretina dia mety ahitana fifohana rivotra haingana, fiovan’ny lokon’ny hoditra ho manga (cyanosis), fitomboan-danja tsy ampy, ary fahatsapana harerahana. [3] Tsara homarihina fa matetika ny CHD dia tsy miteraka fanaintainan’ny tratra. [3]

Amin’ny ankapobeny, ny ankamaroan’ny tsy fahatomombanan’ny fo hatrany am-bohoka dia tsy mifandray amin’ny aretina hafa. [2] Na izany aza, mety hiteraka fahasarotana lehibe izy, anisan’izany ny tsy fahombiazan’ny fo. [3]

Matetika tsy fantatra ny antony mahatonga ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo hatrany am-bohoka.[3] Anisan'ny mety hampidi-doza ny aretina sasany mandritra ny fitondrana vohoka toy ny rubella, ny fampiasana fanafody na zava-mahadomelina sasany toy ny alikaola na paraky, ny fifandraisan'ny ray aman-dreny akaiky, na ny tsy fahampian-tsakafo na ny hatavezan'ny reny.[4][5] Ny fananana ray aman-dreny manana kilema fo hatrany am-bohoka dia anton-javatra mety hampidi-doza ihany koa.[10] Misy aretina ara-pandovan-toetra maromaro mifandray amin'ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo, anisan'izany ny Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, ary Marfan syndrome.[4] Mizara ho vondrona roa lehibe ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo hatrany am-bohoka: ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo misy loko manga sy ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo misy loko manga, arakaraka ny mety ho fiovan'ny lokon'ny zaza ho manga.[4] Mety ho ny rindrin'ny fo anatiny, ny valva ao am-po, na ny lalan-dra lehibe izay mitondra mankany sy avy ao am-po no voakasik'ireo lesoka ireo.[7]

Azo sorohina amin'ny ampahany ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo hatrany am-bohoka amin'ny alalan'ny vaksiny rubella, ny fanampiana iode amin'ny sira, ary ny fanampiana asidra folika amin'ny vokatra sakafo sasany.[4] Misy lesoka sasany tsy mila tsaboina.[7] Ny hafa kosa mety ho tsaboina tsara amin'ny alalan'ny fomba fitsaboana mampiasa catheter na fandidiana fo.[6] Indraindray dia mety ilaina ny fandidiana maromaro,[6] na mety ilaina ny famindrana fo.[6] Amin'ny ankapobeny dia tsara ny vokatra azo raha misy fitsaboana sahaza, na dia misy olana sarotra aza.[7]

Ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo hatrany am-bohoka no tsy fahatomombanana mahazatra indrindra.[4][11] Tamin'ny taona 2015, dia nisy olona 48.9 tapitrisa maneran-tany.[8] Misy fiantraikany eo anelanelan'ny 4 sy 75 isaky ny fahaterahana velona 1.000 izy ireo, arakaraka ny fomba fitiliana azy ireo.[4][10] Eo amin'ny 6 ka hatramin'ny 19 isaky ny 1.000 eo ho eo no miteraka olana antonony ka hatramin'ny lehibe.[10] Ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo hatrany am-bohoka no antony voalohany mahatonga ny fahafatesana mifandraika amin'ny tsy fahatomombanan'ny fo: [4] tamin'ny taona 2015, dia nahafaty olona 303.300 izany, nidina avy amin'ny fahafatesana 366.000 tamin'ny taona 1990.[9][12]

References

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  1. ↑ "The incidence of congenital heart disease". Journal of the American College of Cardiology 39 (12): 1890–900. June 2002. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01886-7. PMID 12084585.
  2. ↑ Hadisoan-tsiahy: Balise <ref> incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées "NIH2011Sym"
  3. 1 2 "What Causes Congenital Heart Defects?". National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mendis, Shanthi (2011). Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control. World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization, 3, 60.
  5. 1 2 "Preconception care: nutritional risks and interventions". Reproductive Health 11 Suppl 3: S3. September 2014. doi:10.1186/1742-4755-11-s3-s3. PMC 4196560. PMID 25415364. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4196560.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "How Are Congenital Heart Defects Treated?". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 27 July 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "What Are Congenital Heart Defects?". National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. July 1, 2011. Archived from the original on 13 August 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  8. 1 2 "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet 388 (10053): 1545–1602. October 2016. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5055577.
  9. 1 2 "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet 388 (10053): 1459–1544. October 2016. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5388903.
  10. 1 2 3 Milunsky, Aubrey (2011). “1”, Genetic Disorders and the Fetus: Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment. John Wiley & Sons.
  11. ↑ "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet 386 (9995): 743–800. August 2015. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60692-4. PMC 4561509. PMID 26063472. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4561509.
  12. ↑ "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet 385 (9963): 117–71. January 2015. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4340604.
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